Sri Lanka is a land of vibrant and diverse cultural heritage that spans thousands of years. The island nation’s unique customs and traditions have been shaped by its long and storied history, which includes influences from various civilizations and religions. From the intricate art of traditional dance to the mouth-watering cuisine,
Sri Lanka’s rich cultural tapestry is a testament to the island’s proud and colorful past. In this blog post, we’ll take a closer look at some of the fascinating customs and traditions that define Sri Lanka and explore the ways in which they continue to shape the island’s identity today. Join us on a journey through the captivating world of Sri Lankan culture and discover the beauty and diversity of this incredible nation.
14. Greetings – Aayu Bowan
In Sri Lanka, greeting greeting someone properly is an important part of social etiquette and shows respect for the person you are interacting with. One unique greeting in Sri Lanka is “Aayu Bowan”, which means “May you live long”. This greeting is used to welcome guest and is often accompanied by placing one’s palms together in a prayer-like guesture and bowing slightly.
The use of “Aayu Bowan” as a greeting is a reflection of Sri Lankan culture’s emphasis on hospitality and respect for rlders. It is also an acknowledgement of the importance of longevity and well-being in Sri Lankan society.
When meeting someone in Sri Lanka, it is customary to greet them with a smile and a polite hello.
In addition to “Aayu Bowan” there are other traditional greetings used in Sri Lanka, depending on the time of day and the contex of the interaction.. For example “Suba Udesanak” is a morning greeting that means “Good morning”, while “Suba Sandhyawak” is used in the evening to say “Good evening”
Overall, greeting someone properly in Sri Lanka is an important part of social interaction and shows respect for the person you are speaking with. Using the traditional greeting of “Aayu Bowan” is just one example of the unique customs and traditions that make Sri Lankan culture so rich and fascinating.
13. Sri Lankan Cuisine
Sri Lankan cuisine is a de=licious and unique blend of flavors and Ingredients that reflect the country’s diverse cultural heritage. Some of the most popular dishes in Sri Lanka include rice and curry, hoppers, and string hoppers.
Rice and curry is thev staple dish of Sri Lankan cuisine and is a must-try anyone visiting the country. The dish consists of steamed rice served with a variety of curries made with vegetables, meats, or seafood. Each curry is cooked with a blend of spices and herbs, such as cumin, coriander, curry leaves, and turmeric, that give it a distinct and flavorful taste.
Hoppers are another popular dish in Sri Lanka and are made from a fermented batter of rice flour, coconut milk, and yeast. The batter is poured into a small wok-like pan and cooked over a flame until it forms a crispy bowl-shaped pancake. Hoppers are often served for breakfast or as a snack, and can be eaten plain or filled with an egg or curry.
String hoppers are thin, noodle-like strings amde from rice flour that are steamed and served with coconut sambal or curry. They are a popular breakfast dish and are often eaten with dhal, a lentil soup.
In addition to those popular dishes, Sri Lankan cuisine also uses a range of unique ingredients and spices that give it its distinct flavor profile. One such ingredient is pandan, a tropical plant that is used to flavor sweet dishes such as rice pudding and curries. Another unique ingredients is gotu kola, a leafy green that is used in salads and is believed to have medicinal properties.
Sri Lankan cuisine also relies heavily on spices, such as cinnamon, cardamom, cloves, and nutmeg, which are used to flavor curries and other dishes. These spices are often used in their whole form and are roasted or fried before being added to the dish to release their flavor.
Overall, Sri Lankan cuisine is a delicious and unique blend of flavors and ingredients that is sure to delight the taste buds of anyone who tries it.
12. Traditional Clothing
Sri Lanka has a rich history of textile production and has been renowned for its fabrics and clothing for centuries. Traditional Sri Lankan clothing is colorful, vibrant, and often reflects the cultural heritage of the wearer. One of the most popular traditional clothing styles in Sri Lanka is the saree, which is a long piece of fabric draped over the body and worn with a blouse or jacket.
Sarees are available in a variety of materials, including silk, cotton, and linen, and are often decorated with intricate embroidery, beading, or sequins. The patterns and designs on the sarees vary depending on the region, with some areas specializing in geometric patterns while others favor floral designs.
Another popular Sri Lankan garment is the sarong, which is a long piece of cloth wrapped around the waist and worn by both men and women. The sarong is often made from lightweight cotton or silk and is available in a range of colors and patterns. It is typically worn with a shirt or blouse, and can be dressed up or down depending on the occasion.
In addition to the sari and sarong, Sri Lanka also has a rich tradition of batik clothing, which involves dyeing fabric using a wax resist technique. The resulting fabric is colorful and often features bold designs and patterns.
Today, traditional Sri Lankan clothing is often worn for special occasions such as weddings, festivals, and cultural events. It is also a popular choice among tourists who want to immerse themselves in the local culture and experience the vibrant textiles and fashion of the country.
Overall, traditional Sri Lankan clothing is a beautiful and colorful reflection of the country’s rich cultural heritage. Whether it’s the intricate embroidery of a sari or the bold patterns of a batik shirt, Sri Lankan fashion is a feast for the eyes and a celebration of the country’s unique and diverse traditions.
11. Arts & Crafts
Sri Lanka is known for its rich artistic and cultural heritage, and this is reflected in the many unique handicrafts that are produced throughout the country. From batik textiles to intricate woodcarvings, Sri Lankan handicrafts are a beautiful expression of the country’s traditions and creativity.
Batik is a popular form of textile art in Sri Lanka and involves dyeing fabric using a wax resist technique. The process starts by drawing a design onto the fabric using a special tool called a canting. Then, hot wax is applied to the areas of the fabric that are to remain the original color. The fabric is then dipped into dye, and the waxed areas resist the dye, creating a unique and colorful design.
Another popular handicraft in Sri Lanka is woodcarving. Skilled craftsmen create intricate designs and sculptures using a variety of woods, such as teak and mahogany. Woodcarvings can be found in many forms, from small decorative pieces to large-scale statues and temple carvings.
Other Sri Lankan handicrafts include pottery, brasswork, and weaving. Pottery is often used to create functional items such as bowls and plates, while brasswork is used to create intricate sculptures and jewelry. Weaving is also an important craft in Sri Lanka, and the country is renowned for its high-quality handwoven fabrics.
Visitors to Sri Lanka can experience the beauty of these handicrafts by visiting local markets and craft shops, where they can purchase unique and handmade items to take home as souvenirs. Many of these shops also offer demonstrations and workshops, allowing visitors to see the artists at work and learn about the techniques used to create these beautiful pieces.
Overall, Sri Lankan handicrafts are a testament to the country’s rich cultural heritage and artistic traditions. Whether it’s the colorful patterns of a batik textile or the intricate designs of a woodcarving, these unique handicrafts are a beautiful reflection of Sri Lanka’s creativity and craftsmanship.
10. Religious Beliefs
Sri Lanka is a diverse country, and this is reflected in its religious landscape. The majority of Sri Lankans are Buddhist, with around 70% of the population following this religion. However, there are also significant numbers of Hindus, Muslims, and Christians, as well as smaller communities of Jews and other faiths.
Buddhism has a long history in Sri Lanka, and the country is home to many important Buddhist sites, such as the Temple of the Tooth in Kandy and the ancient city of Anuradhapura. Buddhism plays an important role in Sri Lankan culture and society, with many customs and traditions based on Buddhist teachings.
Hinduism is another significant religion in Sri Lanka, and is mainly practiced by the Tamil community in the north and east of the country. The colorful and vibrant Hindu festivals, such as Diwali and Thaipongal, are celebrated throughout the country, with traditional customs and rituals.
Islam and Christianity are also present in Sri Lanka, with significant numbers of followers of these religions. Muslims make up around 10% of the population, with many living in the coastal areas and engaged in fishing and trade. Christianity was introduced to Sri Lanka by European colonizers, and there are still many churches and cathedrals throughout the country.
Despite the diversity of religious beliefs in Sri Lanka, there is a strong sense of tolerance and coexistence among different communities. This is reflected in many aspects of Sri Lankan culture, including the country’s food, music, and festivals. Visitors to Sri Lanka can experience the rich cultural heritage of the country’s different religions by visiting temples, mosques, churches, and other religious sites, and learning about the customs and traditions associated with each religion.
Overall, the diversity of religious beliefs in Sri Lanka is a testament to the country’s rich cultural heritage and traditions. Whether it’s the ancient Buddhist sites, the colorful Hindu festivals, or the colonial-era churches, Sri Lanka’s religious landscape is a reflection of the country’s vibrant and diverse society.
09. Weddings & Marriage
Weddings are an important part of Sri Lankan culture and are celebrated with much enthusiasm and joy. Traditional Sri Lankan weddings are known for their vibrant colors, lively music, and elaborate ceremonies.
Pre-wedding rituals are an important part of Sri Lankan weddings, and they typically begin several days before the actual wedding ceremony. One such ritual is the “Poruwa ceremony,” which is a traditional ritual where the couple exchange vows on a beautifully decorated wooden platform called a “Poruwa.” The ceremony is conducted by a “Jayamangala” or a traditional marriage celebrant.
The wedding ceremony itself is a colorful and joyous occasion, with family and friends gathering to witness the couple exchange vows. The bride is usually dressed in a traditional sari, while the groom wears a “National dress” or a suit.
The traditional Sri Lankan wedding feast, or “Dansala,” is a highlight of the celebrations. The feast typically includes a variety of Sri Lankan dishes such as rice and curry, hoppers, and sweets. Music and dance are also an important part of the festivities, with traditional drummers and dancers performing to entertain the guests.
Arranged marriages still play a significant role in Sri Lankan society, although this practice is becoming less common among younger generations. In arranged marriages, the families of the bride and groom play a major role in the decision-making process, and it is often considered important to match factors such as caste, religion, and social status.
Despite the emphasis on arranged marriages, love marriages are also becoming more common in Sri Lanka, particularly among the younger generation. In these marriages, the couple chooses their partner based on mutual affection and understanding.
Overall, weddings and marriages are an important part of Sri Lankan culture and traditions, and they offer a glimpse into the country’s rich cultural heritage. Whether it’s the colorful wedding ceremonies, the elaborate pre-wedding rituals, or the delicious wedding feasts, Sri Lankan weddings are a celebration of love, family, and tradition.
08. Family Life & Values
Family plays a central role in Sri Lankan culture and is considered the foundation of society. Traditional Sri Lankan family structures are typically hierarchical, with the eldest male serving as the head of the household. Extended families often live together in large homes, with grandparents, parents, children, and sometimes even aunts, uncles, and cousins sharing the same living space.
The role of women in Sri Lankan families is changing, with many women now pursuing education and careers outside the home. However, traditional gender roles still influence many aspects of family life, with women often expected to take on the primary responsibility for household chores and childcare.
Respect for elders is a core value in Sri Lankan culture, and this is reflected in the way that family structures and roles are organized. Elders are treated with deference and are often consulted on important family decisions. This respect for elders is also evident in Sri Lankan customs such as the “Ayubowan” greeting, which is used to show respect to older individuals.
Hospitality is another important cultural value in Sri Lanka. Guests are treated with great warmth and generosity, and it is common for families to offer food and drink to visitors as a sign of welcome. The importance of hospitality is also evident in Sri Lankan festivals and celebrations, where the sharing of food and drink is an important part of the festivities.
Overall, family life and values are an essential part of Sri Lankan culture and traditions. The traditional family structure, respect for elders, and hospitality are all important values that help to shape the country’s rich cultural heritage. Despite changes in gender roles and other social shifts, the importance of family and community remains a central part of Sri Lankan life.
07. Language & Communication
Sri Lanka has two official languages, Sinhala and Tamil, both of which have a long and rich history. Sinhala is spoken by the majority of the population, while Tamil is spoken by the Tamil minority. The two languages are both Indo-Aryan and Dravidian, respectively, and have distinct scripts and grammar rules.
Sinhala has been the dominant language in Sri Lanka for over 2,500 years, and it is believed to have evolved from ancient Prakrit dialects. Tamil, on the other hand, has been spoken in Sri Lanka for over 2,000 years and has roots in the Dravidian language family.
Sri Lankan English, also known as Ceylonese English, is a unique dialect of English that has developed in Sri Lanka over time. It is heavily influenced by the country’s official languages and reflects the unique cultural and social influences of Sri Lankan society.
Some unique expressions and phrases used in Sri Lankan English include “aiyo” (an exclamation of shock or surprise), “dodgy” (meaning unreliable or questionable), and “wadey” (a type of savory snack made with lentils or chickpeas). Sri Lankan English also includes words borrowed from Sinhala and Tamil, such as “thambili” (king coconut) and “pol sambol” (a spicy coconut relish).
Despite its unique qualities, Sri Lankan English is widely understood and spoken by many Sri Lankans, particularly in urban areas. The language is an important part of Sri Lankan culture and is a reflection of the country’s diverse linguistic heritage.
In conclusion, Sri Lanka’s official languages, Sinhala and Tamil, have a long and rich history, and their influence can be seen in the unique expressions and phrases used in Sri Lankan English. The development of Sri Lankan English is a reflection of the country’s cultural and linguistic diversity, and it adds to the richness and complexity of Sri Lankan culture.
06. Etiquette & Social Customs
Sri Lanka has a rich cultural heritage, and this is reflected in the country’s etiquette and social customs. Sri Lankans are generally warm and welcoming, and visitors to the country are encouraged to respect local customs and traditions.
One important aspect of Sri Lankan etiquette is greeting others with respect.
Another important aspect of Sri Lankan etiquette is respect for elders. In Sri Lankan culture, elders are highly respected and are often given priority in social situations. It is important to address elders using formal titles such as “Ayya” (for elder brother) or “Akka” (for elder sister).
In addition to respect for elders, Sri Lankan culture places a strong emphasis on hospitality. Guests are treated with great respect and are often offered food and drink as a sign of hospitality. It is considered impolite to refuse such offers, so visitors to Sri Lanka are encouraged to accept graciously.
Sri Lankan culture also places a high value on modesty and discretion. It is considered impolite to be too direct or confrontational, and it is often better to approach sensitive topics indirectly or through suggestion.
When it comes to dress, Sri Lankan culture is relatively conservative. Visitors to the country are encouraged to dress modestly, particularly when visiting religious sites or attending formal events. Women are expected to cover their shoulders and legs, and men are expected to wear long pants and shirts with sleeves.
In conclusion, Sri Lanka’s etiquette and social customs are an important aspect of the country’s cultural heritage. Visitors to the country are encouraged to respect local customs and traditions, including greetings, respect for elders, hospitality, and modesty. By doing so, visitors can better appreciate the rich cultural heritage of Sri Lanka and enjoy their stay in the country.
05. Traditional Dancing Schools
Dance is an integral part of Sri Lankan culture, and the country has a long tradition of dance that dates back thousands of years. There are several different styles of traditional dance in Sri Lanka, each with its own unique history and characteristics. Many of these dances are still taught and performed today at dancing schools throughout the country.
One of the most popular styles of traditional dance in Sri Lanka is Kandyan dance. This dance style originated in the central highlands of Sri Lanka and is characterized by its vibrant costumes, complex footwork, and intricate hand gestures. Kandyan dance is often performed at cultural events, religious ceremonies, and other celebrations.
Another popular style of dance in Sri Lanka is the Low Country dance, which originated in the coastal regions of the country. Low Country dance is typically performed to the beat of a drum, and the dancers wear colorful costumes that reflect the region’s vibrant cultural heritage.
In addition to these traditional dance styles, Sri Lanka also has a thriving contemporary dance scene. Many young Sri Lankan dancers are trained in a variety of styles, including ballet, modern dance, and hip hop. There are several dance schools and academies throughout the country that offer training in these styles, as well as in traditional Sri Lankan dance.
In conclusion, the dancing schools of Sri Lanka play an important role in preserving the country’s rich cultural heritage. They offer training in a variety of dance styles, both traditional and contemporary, and provide a platform for young dancers to showcase their talents. By attending dance performances or taking classes at these schools, visitors to Sri Lanka can gain a deeper appreciation for the country’s vibrant dance culture.
04. Sports & Recreation
Sri Lanka is a country that offers a wide range of sports and recreational activities for visitors to enjoy. From traditional games to modern sports, there’s something for everyone in this island nation.
Cricket is one of the most popular sports in Sri Lanka and is often referred to as the national sport. The Sri Lanka national cricket team has achieved great success on the international stage, winning the ICC Cricket World Cup in 1996. Many Sri Lankan fans are passionate about the sport, and cricket matches are a lively affair, with music, dancing, and plenty of cheering.
Another popular sport in Sri Lanka is volleyball. The Sri Lankan national volleyball team has also achieved success on the international stage, winning several medals in the Asian Volleyball Championships. Volleyball is a popular beach sport in Sri Lanka, with many beachside resorts and hotels offering courts for guests to play on.
Sri Lanka also has a long tradition of traditional games. Elle is a popular game that is similar to cricket, but is played with a smaller bat and ball. Kana Muttiya is another traditional game that is played with a small wooden ball and a long stick. These games are often played in rural villages and are a great way to experience Sri Lankan culture and traditions.
In addition to sports, Sri Lanka also offers a range of recreational activities for visitors to enjoy. The country’s beautiful beaches provide opportunities for swimming, surfing, and snorkeling. Sri Lanka is also home to several national parks and wildlife reserves, where visitors can go on safaris and see elephants, leopards, and other animals in their natural habitats.
In conclusion, Sri Lanka is a country that offers a diverse range of sports and recreational activities for visitors to enjoy. Whether you’re a fan of cricket or volleyball, or you’re looking to experience traditional games and activities, there’s something for everyone in this beautiful island nation. So, get ready to embrace the spirit of adventure and explore all that Sri Lanka has to offer!
03. Transportation & Travel
Sri Lanka is a country that offers a variety of unique modes of transportation, which are an integral part of the country’s culture and traditions. From bullock carts to tuk-tuks, Sri Lanka has a rich history of transportation that is still prevalent in many parts of the country.
Bullock carts are a traditional mode of transportation that has been used in Sri Lanka for centuries. They are still used in rural areas to transport goods and people. Bullock carts are pulled by oxen, and the carts themselves are made of wood and are often decorated with intricate carvings.
Tuk-tuks, also known as three-wheelers, are a popular mode of transportation in Sri Lanka, especially in urban areas. They are small, motorized vehicles that can carry up to three passengers, and are a convenient way to get around crowded city streets.
Sri Lanka also has a well-developed transportation infrastructure that makes it easy for visitors to travel around the country. The country has a network of highways and roads that connect major cities and tourist destinations. There are also several airports in the country, including Bandaranaike International Airport in Colombo, which is the main gateway for international visitors.
When it comes to popular tourist destinations in Sri Lanka, there’s no shortage of options. From the cultural triangle of Kandy, Anuradhapura, and Polonnaruwa, to the tea plantations of Nuwara Eliya and the beaches of the southern coast, there’s something for everyone in this beautiful island nation.
The ancient city of Anuradhapura is a UNESCO World Heritage site and is home to some of the most important Buddhist relics in Sri Lanka. Kandy is another popular destination, known for its historic temple of the Tooth Relic, which is said to house a tooth of the Buddha.
The tea plantations of Nuwara Eliya are also a must-see for visitors to Sri Lanka. The area is known for its scenic beauty, as well as its tea production. Visitors can take tours of the plantations, and even sample some of the tea.
In conclusion, transportation and travel are an integral part of Sri Lanka’s culture and traditions. From bullock carts to tuk-tuks, there are a variety of unique modes of transportation to experience. And with so many popular tourist destinations to explore, Sri Lanka is a country that is sure to captivate and inspire visitors from around the world.
02. Traditional Sri Lankan Martial Arts
Traditional Sri Lankan martial arts have a long and fascinating history that dates back centuries. Known as angampora, this ancient form of combat was originally practiced by Sri Lankan soldiers and warriors. Today, angampora has gained popularity among martial arts enthusiasts and is recognized as a national heritage by the Sri Lankan government.
Angampora is a full-body combat system that incorporates various techniques, including strikes, kicks, grappling, and joint locks. Practitioners of angampora are also trained in the use of traditional weapons such as swords, staffs, and spears.
One of the unique aspects of angampora is its emphasis on meditation and breathing techniques. These practices help practitioners develop focus, concentration, and discipline, which are essential for mastering the art of combat.
In addition to angampora, Sri Lanka is also home to other traditional martial arts, such as kalari payattu and cheena di. Kalari payattu is an ancient Indian martial art that has been practiced in Sri Lanka for centuries. It involves a series of fluid movements and is often accompanied by traditional music. Cheena di, on the other hand, is a Chinese martial art that has been adapted to Sri Lankan culture. It emphasizes kicks, punches, and throws, and is known for its lightning-fast movements.
Today, traditional Sri Lankan martial arts are experiencing a resurgence in popularity. Many schools and training centers have opened up across the country, offering classes to both locals and tourists. Whether you are a martial arts enthusiast or simply interested in learning about Sri Lanka’s unique culture and traditions, traditional Sri Lankan martial arts are definitely worth exploring.
01. Festivals & Celebrations
Sri Lanka is a country that loves to celebrate, and there are numerous festivals and holidays throughout the year that are a testament to the country’s rich cultural heritage. Some of the major holidays and festivals celebrated in Sri Lanka include Sinhalese New Year, Vesak, and the Kandy Esala Perahera.
Sinhalese New Year, or Aluth Avurudda, is celebrated in April and marks the beginning of the new year according to the Sinhalese calendar. The festival is celebrated with a range of customs and traditions, including the preparation of traditional sweetmeats, the lighting of oil lamps, and the exchange of gifts. The highlight of the festival is the avurudu kumariya, a beauty pageant that crowns a young girl as the symbol of the new year.
Vesak, also known as Buddha Purnima, is celebrated in May and commemorates the birth, enlightenment, and death of the Buddha. The festival is celebrated with colorful lanterns, processions, and the distribution of free food and drinks. Many people also visit temples and offer flowers and incense in honor of the Buddha.
The Kandy Esala Perahera is a grand procession that takes place in July or August and is one of the most spectacular festivals in Sri Lanka. The festival is held in the city of Kandy and features elaborately decorated elephants, drummers, dancers, and acrobats who parade through the streets. The festival also includes traditional rituals and ceremonies, such as the Kumbal Perahera and the Randoli Perahera.
In addition to these major festivals, Sri Lanka also celebrates a range of other holidays and events throughout the year, including Independence Day, the Colombo Fashion Week, and the Galle Literary Festival. Overall, festivals and celebrations are an integral part of Sri Lankan culture and offer a unique glimpse into the country’s rich and diverse heritage. Whether it’s the vibrant colors of the Sinhalese New Year or the majestic elephants of the Kandy Esala Perahera, there is always something to celebrate and enjoy in Sri Lanka.
Conclusion
Sri Lanka is a country steeped in rich cultural heritage and diverse traditions. From the mouth-watering cuisine to the vibrant festivals, Sri Lanka offers a unique blend of experiences that cannot be found elsewhere in the world. In this article, we have explored 15 different aspects of Sri Lankan culture, including traditional clothing, religious beliefs, and family values. We hope that this glimpse into Sri Lanka’s culture has piqued your interest in exploring the country further.
Whether you are interested in visiting ancient temples, learning to cook traditional Sri Lankan dishes, or witnessing a colorful festival, there is something for everyone in Sri Lanka. With friendly locals, stunning natural beauty, and a fascinating history, Sri Lanka is a must-visit destination for anyone interested in exploring diverse cultures.
So, what are you waiting for? Pack your bags and come experience the warmth and hospitality of Sri Lanka firsthand. We guarantee that you will leave with a deeper appreciation for this unique and beautiful country.
